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At about 2:9 p.m. Beijing time on February 7, the EU's revised Emissions Trading System (ETS) and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) were voted in favor, and the bill is expected to be officially passed after a full vote of the European Parliament in the second quarter of 00. On October 2023, 2023, the European "carbon tariff" came into effect during the transition phase.
1. What is CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism)?
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), also known as "carbon tariff", refers to countries or regions that strictly implement carbon emission reduction and require the import (export) of high-carbon products to pay (return) corresponding taxes or carbon quotas.
2. The purpose and significance of CBAM
CBAM aims to prevent "Carban Leakage", which refers to the fact that a more stringent dual-carbon route in a region will lead to an increase in the carbon cost in the region, forcing companies producing high-carbon products to move to low-carbon cost areas, resulting in industrial transfer. Under the EU's dual carbon roadmap, carbon quotas will be gradually tightened until they are eliminated, and the carbon cost of enterprises will rise accordingly, and the price of high-carbon products will also rise, resulting in the market importing high-carbon products from outside the EU or transferring high-carbon product production lines to low-carbon cost areas outside the EU, which will damage the EU's economy. As a domestic and foreign carbon cost balance mechanism, CBAM will reduce the occurrence of carbon leakage to a certain extent.
3. CBAM development history
4. Products covered by CBAM
6. Responsibilities and obligations faced by enterprises
7. CBAM settlement method
8. What is the scope of carbon emissions accounted for by the EU under CBAM?
9. How is carbon emissions calculated?
10. How is the carbon tax calculated?
CBAM fee = CBAM certificate price x carbon emissions = (EU carbon trading price - carbon price in the country of origin of the product) x (product carbon emission - free allowance for similar products in the EU)11.EU Does CBAM take into account various standard offset mechanisms such as VCS, CCER? The EU CBAM does not take into account the above-mentioned offset mechanism. EU CBAM is a "nominal carbon market", enterprises purchase CBAM certificates from government authorities according to their connotative carbon emissions, and the price of CBAM certificates is related to the EU quota price and quota free allocation ratio. In terms of indirect impact, the use of offset mechanisms will cause a decrease in carbon prices, but the impact on CBAM certificate prices is small.
12. If the products of Chinese enterprises have reached carbon neutrality in China, should they bear the cost of EU CBAM?
Whether the EU recognizes that the products of Chinese enterprises have reached "carbon neutrality" depends on what methods and indicators the EU chooses to judge, and which standards are related.
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